Applications and Potential Uses

One Material – Endless Possibilities

The unique properties of boron nitride nanomaterials led to investigations into various potential applications. These include their use in nanocomposites, as reinforcing agents in materials, in biomedical applications, and as thermal management materials due to their excellent thermal conductivity.

General overview of BN nanomaterials:

Boron nitride nanomaterials have gained significant attention due to their unique properties and diverse range of applications. Here is a brief non-exhaustive overview of their applications:

Boron nitride nanomaterials exhibit excellent thermal conductivity, making them ideal for thermal management applications.

They are used as fillers in polymer composites and thermal interface materials to enhance heat dissipation in electronic devices.

In electronics, boron nitride nano materials can be utilized as an insulating material due to its high electrical resistivity.

Its wide bandgap makes it suitable for applications in optoelectronics and photonics.

Piezoelectric functionality

Piezoelectric materials generate small surges of electricity when subject to bending, distortion, heat and pressure. Many of the sensors in robotics and energy harvesting systems in unmanned vehicles and satellites contain piezoelectric based components and mechanical systems. Research has shown that BNNT’s have outstanding piezoelectric and electrostrictive properties that will significantly improve materials and structures used for electricity generation, switching and signalling.

Quantum computing

As computer chips have become smaller and more functional in quantum computing, the greatest challenge semiconductor manufacturers have faced is how to deal with the significant heat generated from their process function. The tubular structure of BNNT’s, along with the fact they are non-conductive, non-corrosive and completely stable, provides the semiconductor industry with a new material and method for dispersing heat in a revolutionary manner.

The architecture of computer chips, microsensors and other electronic components can include BNNT layering and integration for significantly improved heat transfer and management. Thermal coatings (electronic packaging) can be revolutionized with the inclusion of BNNT’s in their composites.

Boron nitride nano materials’ lubricating properties make it an effective solid lubricant, especially at high temperatures.

It can be used as a coating material to reduce friction and wear in various industrial applications (e.g. to protect wind turbine blades).

They can also be added to Reinforced Polymers, forming a new class of polymers with amazing strength and flexibility while also resistant to higher temperatures.

Boron nitride nano materials are incorporated into polymer, ceramic, and certain metal matrices to enhance mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of composites.

Raw BN nanomaterials are clear to smoky white. When included in materials and products such as glass or polycarbonate they are completely transparent. This provides an exciting potential for new grades of ultra-strength glass, polycarbonates, and clear plastics. Applications include bullet-resistant glass, unbreakable polycarbonates, superior helmets and sporting goods, transparent ballistic shields, optical protection and unbreakable electronic screens. As well as strength, these applications will also benefit from significantly improved heat resistance and radiation screening.

The field of biomedical applications of WG is still in its early stages, but the unique properties of WG hold great promise for advancing various biomedical technologies, such as drug delivery systems, biomedical imaging, bioengineering, tissue scaffolds, biosensors, biomedical coatings, and others.

WG can be functionalized and utilized as carriers for drug delivery. Their large surface area, stability, and biocompatibility make them suitable for loading and delivering therapeutic agents or being functionalized with chemical agents related to fluorescence imaging.

WG can be utilized in the
development of biosensing platforms for detecting biological molecules and analytes.

Boron nitride nano materials have been explored as catalysts in various chemical reactions.

Boron nitride nano materials can be used as a high-strength material in cutting tools, wear-resistant coatings, and abrasive applications.

WG has high chemical stability against various chemical compounds and environments – an absence of active surface sites and unsaturated dangling bonds, strength of partly ionic covalent σ bonds and sp2 hybrid configurations in general. This chemical inertness of WG is desirable for a large variety of applications that require corrosion and oxidation-resistance protection, high-temperature resistance, and harsh work environment conditions.

Boron nitride nano sheets have been studied for (hydrogen) gas storage and sensing applications due to their high surface area and chemical stability.

White graphene can potentially play an important role in the energy transition, when it comes to hydrogen storage and transport. Hydrogen leakage can damage the steel of pipes and storage vessels through hydrogen embrittlement. Researchers have suggested this can lead to up to a 68% increase in the cost of pipes to carry hydrogen over natural gas. Unlike black graphene, white graphene is impermeable to hydrogen, so can protect valuable energy infrastructure.

The excellent thermal and mechanical properties of boron nitride nano materials make them suitable for aerospace applications, including lightweight structural components, thermal protection, and radiation shielding. Boron nitride nano materials are highly efficient absorbers of thermal neutrons. A key application for boron nitride nano materials is the creation of new and improved radiation shielding materials for aviation, space travel, defence systems, hospital diagnostic equipment and environments, and a variety of radiation-resistant apparel. Boron nitride nano materials provide a breakthrough in defending against both low and high radiation-emitting products and environments.

BN-based materials have been explored as a potential candidate for energy storage applications as protective coating, separator material, heat management filler, etc.

For fuel cell applications, BNNS is suggested as a filler material for cell membranes due to its superior proton conductivity and mechanical properties. Moreover, its addition could reduce water uptake and methanol crossover in these fuel cells.

Enhanced metal alloys and composites with incredible mechanical properties for industrial, military and aerospace Applications.

Research in boron nitride nano materials is ongoing, and ongoing developments may uncover additional applications and further enhance their utility in various fields.